What refrigerant is commonly used in modern residential HVAC systems?

The refrigerant commonly used in modern residential HVAC systems is R-410A. This refrigerant is favored for several reasons. Firstly, R-410A is a blend of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and does not contain chlorine, making it more environmentally friendly compared to older refrigerants like R-22, which is being phased out due to its ozone-depleting potential.

R-410A operates at a higher pressure than R-22, which allows for more efficient cooling and heating systems. This improved efficiency translates to better energy performance and lower utility bills for homeowners. Additionally, R-410A is compatible with newer compressor technologies, which have been designed specifically to handle its properties, enhancing overall system reliability and performance.

Other refrigerants mentioned, such as R-22, are being phased out due to environmental regulations, while R-134A is primarily used in automotive air conditioning rather than residential systems. R-407C, although a transitional refrigerant, does not provide the same efficiency levels as R-410A and is not as widely used in contemporary residential applications. Overall, R-410A's combination of safety, efficiency, and environmental considerations makes it the preferred choice for modern HVAC systems in residential settings.