What function does a damper serve in a duct system?

A damper in a duct system is primarily used to regulate airflow and control temperature distribution throughout the system. By adjusting the damper position, it can either allow more air to flow through a particular duct or restrict it, effectively balancing the air distribution to different areas of a building. This makes it essential for achieving desired comfort levels in different zones, as well as optimizing the efficiency of the heating or cooling system.

Controlling how much air is delivered to various parts of a space not only helps maintain comfort but also improves energy efficiency by reducing overcooling or overheating in certain areas. This function is critical in HVAC system design, where achieving an even temperature throughout a building is often necessary.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary purpose of a damper in a duct system. While increasing system noise, eliminating the need for insulation, or filtering air may be relevant to other components of an HVAC system, they are not functions of dampers specifically.