How does a dirty air filter affect HVAC system performance?

A dirty air filter significantly decreases the efficiency of an HVAC system. When the air filter is clogged with dirt and debris, it restricts airflow, making it harder for the HVAC system to draw in air. This limitation can lead to a drop in indoor air quality since less air is cycled through the filter, potentially allowing more pollutants and allergens to enter the living space. Additionally, because the system has to work harder to push air through the obstructed filter, it uses more energy, further reducing its overall efficiency. Over time, this can lead to increased wear and tear on the components of the system and can cause higher utility bills. Maintaining a clean air filter is critical for ensuring the efficient operation of HVAC systems.